大数据对刑事司法的影响 - 中南法庭科学网

作者：李小恺
单位：
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中国政法大学，北京
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关键词：刑事司法；大数据；数据分析
Criminal justice; Big data; Data analysis
摘要：作为一种有别于传统的数据分析方法，大数据能够为刑事案件侦查、犯罪预防和刑事案件审判等实务工作提供非常强大的信息检索、信息处理和信息研判工具，从而促进司法公开、掌握并引导社会舆论、了解司法运行情况、对司法工作人员进行客观评价以及合理配置司法资源等多个方面对维护良好的刑事运行环境产生积极影响，并为理论研究提供前所未有的实证分析和经验数据资料。但是与此同时，如何平衡打击犯罪和保护公民个人权利之间的关系、如何正确看待机器在犯罪预测和定罪量刑方面的作用，以及如何在理论研究中客观面对大数据分析得出的刑事司法经验规律并借此完成对刑事司法理论自身的发展和创新等刑事司法大数据所引发的新问题，也同样是不容忽视的。
As a method different from traditional data analysis, big data can provide powerful information retrieval, information processing and information judgment tools for criminal investigation, crime prevention and criminal trial, thus positively influencing the maintenance of a good criminal operating environment in many aspects, such as promoting judicial openness, grasping and guiding public opinion, understanding judicial operation, objectively evaluating judicial staff and rationally allocating judicial resources, and providing unprecedented empirical analysis and empirical data for theoretical research. At the same time, however, it is difficult to strike a balance between the fight against crime and the protection of the rights of individual citizens, and to see how machines can be used in predicting crime, and sentencing, and how to objectively confront the empirical patterns of criminal justice derived from big data analysis in theoretical research. The new issues raised by big data in criminal justice, such as the development and innovation of criminal justice theory itself, can likewise not be ignored.
DOI：https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0101014
引用：李小恺．大数据对刑事司法的影响［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2020，1（1）：179-194．
https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0101014

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